Mapping of erstwhile Demands with Major Heads & SMH - Sub Major Heads

 Mapping of erstwhile Demands with

  Major Heads & SMH - Sub Major Heads

Group	Description	Erstwhile Demand	Major Head	SMH
Policy & Services common to IR	Railway Board	01	3001	Nil
	Misc. Expenditure (General)	02		Nil
Admin	General Superintendence & Services	03	3002	1
Repairs & Maintenance	P.Way & Works	04		2
	Motive Power	05		3
	Carriages & Wagons	06		4
	Plant & Equipment	07		5
Operating Expenses	Rolling Stock & Equipment	08		6
	Traffic	09		7
	Fuel	10		8
Others	Staff Welfare & Amenities	11		9
	Misc. Working Expenses	12		10
	PF, Pension & Other Retirement Benefits	13		11
Funds	Appropriation to Funds	14		12
Dividends	Dividends to General Revenues	15	3005	Nil
Assets	Assets - Acquisition, Construction & Replacement	16	5002	Nil

Important Major Heads 

Major Head	Description
1001	Indian Railways-Miscellaneous Receipts
1002	Indian Railways-Commercial Lines- Revenue Receipts
1003	Indian Railways-Strategic Lines-Revenue Receipts
3001	Indian Railways-Policy Formulation,  Direction, Research, and other Miscellaneous  Organisation
3002	Indian Railways-Commercial Lines-Working Expenses
3003	Indian Railways-Strategic Lines-Working Expenses
3005	Payments to General Revenues (Dividends etc)
5002	Capital Outlay on Indian Railways-Commercial Lines
5003	Capital Outlay on Indian Railways-Strategic Lines

Important Major Heads (within brackets are Erstwhile Demand Numbers)

	Revenue Receipts X,Y & Z	Ordinary Working Expenses  (3 to 14)	Capital Expenditure  (16)
Commercial Lines	1002	3002	5002
Strategic  Lines	1003	3003	5003

Note: Strategic lines existed in 4 Zonal Railways i.e., NR, NFR, NWR & WR  

GASAB - Government Accounting Standards Advisory Board

 

GASAB - Government Accounting Standards Advisory Board

• Constituted by C&AG - Comptroller & Auditor General of India 

• Established in 2002 

• A Nodal advisory body in India 

• The Objective are emerging new priorities in Public Finance Management and to keep pace with International trends. 

• New priorities are good governance, fiscal prudence, efficiency & transparency in public spending. 

•  All over the World, the accounting systems are on transition from rule to principle based standards and from cash to accrual based system of accounting. 

• The Membership of GASAB - Reviewed in 2021

Structure of the Board

1. Chairperson - Dy.C&AG (Govt Accounts)
2. Member Finance, Railways
3. Member (Finance) Telecom Commission, Department of Telecom
4. Secretary, Department of Post
5. Controller General of Defence Accounts
6. Controller General of Accounts
7. Additional / Joint Secretary (Budget),Ministry of Finance, Govt. of India
8. Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India or his nominee
9. Additional Deputy CAG,GASAB
10-13. Principal Secretaries (Finance) of four States by rotation
14. President, Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) or his nominee
15. Director General/Principal Director (Government Accounts), Office of the Comptroller & Auditor General of India as Member secretary.

Responsibilities:

1. To establish & improve standards of Government accounts

2. Propose standards relating to usefulness of financial reports. 

3. To keep the standards current and reflect changes in the governmental environment. 

4. Guidance on implementation of standards. 

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Comparison among Vande Bharat, Namo Bharat, Amrit Bharat

 Comparison among Trishakti Bharat Trains 

Picture	Category	AC or Non AC	MPS - Maximum Permissible Speed	Gauge	Radius	Features
	Namo Bharat	Non AC	160 KMs Per Hour	Standard 1435 mm	Short Distances - Less than 200 KMs Return to Originating point on same day like Local Trains	Local/Regional Trains, Sitting accommodation only, RRTS (Regional Rapid Transit System) Corridor between Delhi & Meerut, Push-Pull technology Loco, EMU (Electric Multiple Unit), 6 Coaches
	Vande Bharat	AC	160 KMs Per Hour	Broad  1656 mm	Medium Distances - 200 KMs to 800 KMs Return to Originating point on same day	Inter City, Sitting Accommodation only,  AC Chair Car & Executive Class, 8/16 Coaches, Trainset, No Locomotive
	Amrit Bharat	Non AC	130 KMs Per Hour	Broad 1656 mm	Long Distances - More than 800 KMs Overnight journey	Sleeper & Unreserved accommodation, Push-Pull technology Loco, 2 Locomotives, Trainset, 22 Coaches